In Linux you can create ISO image file from CDROM/DVD using online command. If you haven’t ever tried converting CDROM into ISO file in Linux then you must check this out. There are various advantage of having an ISO file, imaging you have one Software CD to run installation on several servers you probably have to go through the manual process of ejecting CD-ROM from one server to mount the CD on rest of the servers.

So you get the point how useful it is to have an ISO image, all you have to do is copy the ISO file on rest of the servers or you can create NFS export for that ISO file, data read will be faster if you can mount the ISO image locally to perform installation compared to CDROM drive.

How to create ISO image file from CDROM in Linux:

1. Insert the CD onto your local Linux server CDROM drive.

Make sure cd is non mounted, use the mount command to check if CD is in mount or unmount state:

if you see cd is mounted then go ahead and unmount the cd on your Linux machine using unmount command

Depending upon what kind of media you have you might have to try these commands for DVD or CDROM:

2. Create CDROM/DVD ISO image with dd command in linux, dd stands for disk to disk copy

You can also use mkisofs linux command to create an ISO of directories or backup directories and files on CD/DVD. To make an ISO from files located on your hard drive, create a directory to store the files you want. Then use the mkisofs command as listed in example below:

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The streamline editor (sed) is very useful command for searching and replacing string/texts in multiple files As an example i am going to show you how i have used sed on my Linux web server. I have hundreds of file under a linux directory where i want to search and replace word mysql with mysql in single file intro.html using sed editor

In the above command

sed -i is used to for editing the file

-s is used for subsituite the following text/word

-mssql is the word to be replaced by

-myssql is what you would like replace

-g is used for global search, looking for occurrence of text in all the lines in file

To replace word mssql with mysql in multiple files using sed editor run sed like this :

In Linux and UNIX sed command is available with default installation, However if you are a Micsrosoft Windows user , you can still harness power of sed by installing GNU utilities for Win32

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In AMM web console when you first power-on the blade right half corner of the display is chopped, you don’t get full video display on the console. This issue was there 6-7 years and still exists. Next I remember updating firmware on blades is pain, then there are issues like your keyboard control doesn’t work some time , you can find it here if your keyboard doesn’t work on IBM HS21 blades you can find the fix here.

Finally when i start installing Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 (RHEL 5) on IBM HS21 blade I ran into other issues. I put the CD into the blade center and powered on the HS21 blade after booting RHEL 5 installer I didn’t see anything on screen –it was just went blank on video display , it was like as HS21 blade hanged there but keyboard controls were working fine, so I used the CTRL+ALT+DEL shortcut to reboot the blade. After noticing some scrolling Linux installer text I noticed message for ATI 1000 driver load right after my screen went black. I realized this sounds like a video driver issue so I tried another reboot and typed linux text to start the RHEL 5 installation in text mode. Sure enough my installation went fine and this confirmed that my video display didn’t work because of video driver issue. I searched on IBM site for help and find Red Hat Enterprise Linux version 4 update 3 (RHEL 4 – U3) installation instructions in BladeCenter section. I find some notes that Modifications are needed to run X window System (Graphical mode) during installation but wasn’t clear why? I have answer for you that there is not video driver for HS21 IBM blades on RHEL 4 and RHEL 5 Linux. Here is some good news that once you finish the RHEL 5 installation you can do changes in X server to get your RHEL 5 GUI session back but bad enough that you can only do your Linux installation on IBM HS21 blades in text mode only. Here is what I did to get my Linux X windows Graphical desktop back on RHEL 5 :

1. First Log in as root and using vi (or any other editor like nano ), edit the /etc/X11/xorg.conf file. Before making any changes in video configuration file make sure you create a backup file. The in xorg.conf file search for the following driver line in the Device section:

Driver “ati”

Replace “ati” with “vesa” The final section looks similar to this:

Section “Device”

Identifier “Videocard0?

Driver “vesa”

VendorName “Videocard vendor”

BoardName “ATI ES1000?

EndSection

2. Turn off dpms. While still editing the xorg.conf file, search for the following dpms option line:

Option “dpms”

Change the option line to:

Option “dpms” “off”

This step is needed if you want to run the X-Windows in RHEL 4/ RHEL 5 Linux on HS21 blades. Unfortunately RHEL 5 installtion can be only done in text mode.  After I was done with these changes, I edited my /etc/inittab file to boot to runlevel 5 (graphical level).  Running “init 6? forced a reboot and from there, I was able to see my RHEL 5 desktop in the IBM blade management center. I am not sure whom to blame for this issue – IBM, ATI or Red Hat for not providing the ATI drivers on HS21 IBM Blades.

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Dell Inspiron Mini 9 runs Ubuntu Linux

The Dell Inspiron Mini 9 ultra-portable Laptop will cost you only $349 for selecting Ubuntu Linux as your Operating system. This is one of the smart choice since you wouldn’t be dealing with virus,Trojans, Malware, and Spyware issues, there wouldn’t be any blue screen of death on using Ubuntu Linux on your Dell mini 9 Laptop.

:

• The new Intel® Atom Processor® N270 (1.6GHz/533Mhz FSB/512K cache)
• LCD screen is very bright and Glossy which is 8.9 inch wider capable of 1024×600 resolution
• Inspiron Mini 9 comes with 512MB2 DDR2 (533MHz) Memory and 4GB3 Solid State Drive
• Video card is Intel Graphics Media Accelerator (GMA) 950 and embedded Wireless 802.11g Mini Card included in base price of $349.
  
• It is only available in Obsidian Black color.
• Mini 9 Inspiron Laptop comes with 1Yr Ltd Warranty and Mail-In Service

I really like it and brought one for my Kid. If you are interested in Buying one click here to Buy it from Dell :

Buy now Dell Inspiron Mini 9 Laptop Computer
Price: $349.0
Dell Inspiron Mini 9 Intel Atom Processor N270 (1.6GHz/533Mhz FSB/512K cache) 512MB DDR2 at 533MHz Obsidian Black Glossy 8.9 inch LED display (1024X600) 4GB Solid State Drive Intel Graphics Media Accelerator (GMA) 950 Base LCD Assembly

Dell Inspiron Mini 9 is one of the best ultra-portable laptop available in market.

High Quality Video Review of Dell Inspiron Mini 9:

Dell Inspiron Mini 9 Laptop video Review

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You need to know if particular device driver is loaded into Linux kernel or not, for example when I was working on configuring VLAN on Linux I noted that 8021q VLAN driver wasn’t loaded by default. Here is how you can find out in Linux if particular device driver or modules are loaded and which device drivers are not loaded by running few simple commands. You may need to know this for several reasons for example if your USB or Bluetooth device doesn’t work in Linux then you need to find out if Bluetooth and USB device drivers are loaded into your Linux kernel.

In Red Hat enterprise/CentOS and fedora you can run lsmod command to display loaded kernel modules or device drivers.

You can also find out if particular device driver or kernel modules is loaded and running on your Linux by displaying contents of /proc/modules file:

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In Red Hat Enterprise 5 Linux internet protocol version 6 (IPv6) module is turned on by default and if your network is not ready to run IPv6 then you need to turn it off on your Linux server. When I first installed my Red Hat enterprise 5 server i noticed strange IPv6 error messages in /var/log/messages file.

Here is how i turned IPv6 on my Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 (RHEL5) machine.

Steps to disabled IPv6 on RHEL 5:

1. In Fedora or RHEL5 Linux modules are loaded using /etc/modprobe.conf file, open the modprobe.conf file using your friendly editor vi or pico and add these line to disable autloading of IPv6 module

2. Next in your global network configuration file edit the IPv6 option using your root login session:

Change following option to NO:

3. To turn off the IPv6 tables immediately run Linux service command to disable the IPv6 service

4. For permanently disabling the ip6tables using chkconfig command so it wouldn’t start during next Linux reboot

Using these steps I was able to successfully turn of IPv6 on my RHEL5 Linux machine. If you want to turn off IPv6 on your RHEL 5 or Fedora machines you can disable it by following these steps.

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